10 sunburn facts
In this article we will describe 10 facts about sunburn, focussing on its symptoms, causes and treatment.
1. Definition
Reddening, inflammation, and, in severe cases, blistering and peeling of the skin caused by overexposure to the ultraviolet rays of the sun.
2. How common is it?
Sunburn is very common, especially in young people. Between 50% and 75% of children younger than 18 have sunburn each year.
3. Who gets it?
Anyone. But people with lighter skin are more susceptible to sunburn, but anyone, regardless of skin colour, can get sunburned and suffer skin damage.
4. Causes
Sunburn is caused by overexposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. There are two types of UV radiation that can cause sunburn: UVA and UVB.
5. Symptoms
Symptoms of sunburn can include redness, pain, swelling, blisters, and peeling skin. In severe cases, sunburn can cause nausea, fever, chills, and weakness.
Time of day
The risk of sunburn is highest between 10 a.m. and 4 p.m., when the sun’s rays are the strongest.
Skin damage
Sunburn indicates skin damage from UV radiation, which can lead to premature aging; such as wrinkles and sunspots, and increases the risk of skin cancer.
Later effects
The effects of sunburn may not be immediately apparent; symptoms typically start to appear within a few hours after exposure and peak within 24 to 36 hours.
6. Diagnosis
This is usually a ‘clinical diagnosis’, i.e. made by looking at the person with it. Tests are not normally necessary
7. Treatment
Mild sunburn can heal within a few days with proper care, such as moisturising, staying hydrated, and avoiding further sun exposure. Severe sunburn may take weeks to heal and might require medical attention.
8. Complications
Repeated exposure. Repeated sunburns, especially during childhood, significantly increase the risk of developing melanoma, the deadliest form of skin cancer, later in life.
9. Prevention
Preventing sunburn involves using sunscreen with a high SPF, wearing protective clothing, seeking shade, and avoiding peak sun hours.
10. Myths
Common myths include the belief that you cannot get sunburned on cloudy days or through windows. However, UV radiation can penetrate clouds and glass, so protection is still necessary.
Understanding these facts can help in effectively preventing and treating sunburn, as well as raising awareness about the long-term risks associated with UV exposure.
Summary
We have described 10 facts about sunburn, including its symptoms, causes, and treatment. We hope it has been useful.
Other resources
What does the skin do (7 functions)?
Sunburn (NHS)
Sunburn (Cleveland Clinic)
Sun poisoning
Sunburn (Mayo Clinic)
