Treatments for mental health problems

Treatments for mental health problems

Psychological Therapies

• Cognitive-Behavioural Therapy (CBT): A problem-focused approach to help individuals identify and change negative thought patterns and behaviours
• Psychodynamic Therapy: Explores the unconscious thoughts, feelings, and experiences that underlie an individual’s mental health concerns
• Dialectical Behaviour Therapy (DBT): Combines CBT with mindfulness techniques to help individuals manage emotions and develop coping skills
• Humanistic Therapies: Focuses on personal growth, self-actualisation, and empathy.

Medication

• Antidepressants: Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs), Serotonin-Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors (SNRIs), and Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAs) for depression and anxiety
• Mood Stabilisers: Lithium, valproate, and lamotrigine for bipolar disorder
• Antipsychotics: For psychotic symptoms, schizophrenia, and bipolar disorder
• Benzodiazepines: For short-term anxiety and insomnia management.

Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT)

• Electroconvulsive therapy (is a psychiatric treatment that uses electrical stimulation of the brain to treat mental illnesses. It’s also known as electroshock therapy
• It is only used for severe mental illness, like severe depression.

• Mindfulness-Based Interventions: Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) and Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT)
• Exercise and Physical Activity: Regular exercise can help alleviate symptoms of anxiety and depression
• Art, Music, and Creative Therapies: Can provide an outlet for emotions and promote relaxation
• Herbal Supplements and Nutrition: Omega-3 fatty acids, St. John’s Wort, and other herbal supplements may be beneficial for mental health, but should be used under medical guidance.

• Online CBT Platforms: Such as NHS-recommended Togetherall/Big White Wall
• Mental Health Apps: Like Calm, Headspace, and MoodTools.

• Mind helplines: Mind is the UK’s largest mental health charity. They have helplines you can ring
• Support Groups: Joining a support group, either online or in-person, can connect you with others who share similar experiences
• Self-Help Books and Resources: Utilise reputable online resources, such as the Royal College of Psychiatrists’ (RCPsych) mental health leaflets
• Lifestyle Changes: Establish a healthy sleep routine, practice relaxation techniques, and engage in activities that bring you joy.

NHS Services

• General Practitioner (GP): some GPs have a specific interest in mental health problems. Ask
• NHS talking therapy (previously Improving Access to Psychological Therapies, IAPT): Provides access to psychological therapies, including CBT and counselling
• Consultant psychiatrist: these are senior hospital doctors that specialise in more serious mental health disease
• Mental Health Crisis Team (MHCT): Emergency services for severe mental health concerns
• Community Mental Health Teams (CMHTs): Multidisciplinary teams providing comprehensive mental health care.