What are the options if I test positive for BRCA gene?
You have several options to manage your cancer risk.
Surveillance
You can start cancer screening at an earlier age (e.g. at age 25 years). This includes yearly mammography and breast MRI; and clinical breast examination every six months starting at age 18, and practicing breast self awareness.
Surgery
Women typically have their ovaries and fallopian tubes removed, which reduces the risk of both breast and ovarian cancer and fallopian tube cancer. Timing of ovarian and fallopian tube removal is important. It should take into consideration both family planning and the usual age at which ovarian cancer develops in those with BRCA gene mutations.
Women may also choose to have their breasts removed – i.e. consider prophylactic (risk reducing) bilateral mastectomy – to reduce their risk of developing breast cancer.
Medication
Three drugs have been shown to decrease the risk of breast cancer: tamoxifen and raloxifene, and exemestane.
Risk avoidance
Certain lifestyle behaviours have been linked to reducing cancer risk, including eating a diet that is high in fruits and vegetables, limiting alcohol consumption, tobacco cessation, and increasing physical activity.
Talk to your doctor about the options that are best for you.
