What’s the difference between autism and ADHD?
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD; commonly known as autism) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are different developmental disorders that affect people in different ways:
Symptoms
ASD is characterised by social communication and interaction issues, repetitive behaviour, and different ways of learning, moving, or paying attention. ADHD is characterised by inattention and hyperactive-impulsive behaviour.
Onset
ASD symptoms often appear early in development, with many children showing signs by 12 to 18 months of age. ADHD symptoms start before age 12, and in some children, they are noticeable as early as 3 years of age.
Causes
ASD is caused by abnormalities in the brain, and may be influenced by genetics and environmental factors. ADHD is likely caused by a combination of factors, including genetics, brain anatomy, lead exposure, substance use during pregnancy, premature birth, and low birth weight.
ASD is diagnosed based on a professional’s observation of a child’s behaviour and parents’ or caregivers’ descriptions of their child’s development.
